A critical vidl of the jury system in west Malaysia / Azlan Abd. Aziz

In this chapter, it is necessary to consider the introduction of the system of trial by jury in West Malaysia by the British. To further understand the development of the system of trial by jury, one has to trace Its history through the following events, that Is, the colonisation of each state in Vest Malaysia. Trial by jury in Vest Malaysia was introduced by the British through the First Charter of Justice in 1807. The Charter was only introduced in Penang which has the distinction of being the first Malaysian state to be bestowed with the system of trial by jury. Trial by jury was then extended to Malacca and Singapore by the introduction of the Second Charter of Justice in 1826

The effectiveness of marketing tools in student admission in higher education institutes in Malaysia

In Malaysia, there are lots of Higher education's institutions (HEI) operated and this created a stiff competition among the institution to attract student's admission into their HEI. Thus, this study is to find the inter relation in between the marketing mix concept with perception of students when selecting the HEI to pursue their study. The marketing mix (Marketing Tools) strategies developed earlier by Edmund J. McCarthy in 1960 explained about the 4 elements of marketing concept (4Ps) which in this study, the idea expanded into 7 elements that are product (course offered by HEI), Price (the cost associated with study at HEI), Place (location of HEI), Promotion, Peoples (the academics and staff of HEI), Process (administration of HEI) and Physical presence (facilities of HEI). All of these marketing tools were studied in order to find the most effective elements that can attract student's enrolment in a higher education institution

Kajian Ketoksikan Dan Aktiviti Anti Helicobacter Pylori Daripada Tumbuhan Perubatan Tempatan Dengan Tumpuan Kepada Fraksi Yang Mengandungi Alkaloid Derris Trifoliata [QR201.H44 A286 2004 f rb] [Microfiche 7984].

Kajian dijalankan untuk mengecamkan tumbuhan tempatan yang mengandungi alkaloid dan mempunyai kegiatan anti-H. pylori yang aktif. This research was performed to: identify local plants which contain alkaloid and with active anti-H. pylori activities

Proximate composition and energetic value of selected marine fish and shellfish from the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia

This study was conducted to determine the proximate composition and energetic value of selected marine fish and shellfish from the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. This study has included 20 species of fish (10 pelagic fish and 10 demersal fish) and 4 species of shellfish. For pelagic fish, Longtail shad (terubuk) was found to contain significantly lower moisture (59.31+0.00%), but significantly higher fat content (23.15+0.00%) compared to other fish species. For demersal fish, moisture and ash contents ranged between 74-82%, and 0.9-2.1%, respectively. Long-tailed butterfly ray contained the highest protein (22.22+1.24%) compared to other fish studied. The highest fat content of demersal fish was in Moonfish at 6.89+2.76%. For shellfish, prawn contained the highest protein (19.12+1.44%). The fat content of shellfish ranged between 1-2%. Oyster contained significantly higher carbohydrate at 6.45+0.00%, compared to other shellfish. Longtail shad contained the highest energetic value of 13.34 kJ g-1 of all samples. These values are useful references for consumers in order to choose fish and shellfish based on their nutritional contents

Adaptive interference mitigation with user grouping for fast transmission in cellular networks

Designing uplink systems which group users with adaptive interference mitigation techniques is the objective of this research. Reduction in error rates and improvement in the energy efficiency is expected with this approach in addition to spectral efficiency. This paper reports a study on interference mitigation and transmission designs for groups of users in the uplinks. New formulations for the interference mitigation are produced based on the minimum mean square error and successive interference cancellation approach. By reducing the interference, the energy efficiency can be maintained and improved although the number of users per group increases. The measured error rates of this approach with user grouping achieve gains between 1 to 3 dB against that of the existing approach. With reduced complexity, the proposed scheme should be viable for practical deployment

Mineral contents of selected marine fish and shellfish from the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia

The study was conducted to determine the mineral contents of 20 species of marine fish and 4 species of shellfish from the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia.Overall, the contents of micro minerals in all samples were below the permissible limits; except for oyster; with copper slightly higher than the limit set by FAO/WHO (1984), but below the limit set by Malaysian Food Regulations (1985); and zinc content higher than the limit set by Malaysian Food Regulations (1985), but below the limit set by FAO/WHO (1984). Meanwhile for macro minerals, most samples contained comparable sodium contents, significantly lower of potassium contents, higher calcium contents, and extremely higher of magnesium contents compared to the common ranges reported in the literatures. All samples were good sources of micro and macro minerals and could provide multi-health benefits if consumed in recommended amounts

Development of scorm compliant LMS: a comparative study among selected global standards / Nurmaisara Za'ba … [et_al.]

Online learning is known as a crucial mode of the future of educational culture. Learning Management System (LMS) is a web based application where the learners are able to log on as well as access the courses which are allocate online to them. However, most LMS will simply manage the learning contents, the learning history data, the test results, and many more without managing the learning itself. Thus, the choice of an LMS is an important part of an organization's e-learning strategy and it will affect the organization for long period of time. Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) is a standard that allows the interoperability of learning tools and course content and provides a collection of specifications adapted from multiple sources to offer a comprehensive suite of e-learning capabilities that enable interoperability, accessibility and reusability of Web-based learning content. i-Learn Portal is the LMS platform that promote information sharing and resources for the academicians and students of the University of Technology MARA (UiTM), and the portal also provides standard content for the respective courses for student's perusal, extending the discussion or lecture at a class. The i-Learn Centre (i-LeC) of UiTM realizes that there is a need to standardize the i-Learn Portal towards world recognized LMS and therefore this research is done to understand SCORM and a comparative study among other selected global standards such as IEEE LTSC and IMS Global Consortium is carried out

Physical layer security and energy efficiency over different error correcting codes in wireless sensor networks

Despite the rapid growth in the market demanding for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), they are far from being secured or efficient. WSNs are vulnerable to malicious attacks and utilize too much power. At the same time, there is a significant increment of the security threats due to the growth of the several applications that employ wireless sensor networks. Therefore, introducing physical layer security is considered to be a promising solution to mitigate the threats. This paper evaluates popular coding techniques like Reed solomon (RS) techniques and scrambled error correcting codes specifically in terms of security gap. The difference between the signal to nose ratio (SNR) of the eavesdropper and the legitimate receiver nodes is defined as the security gap. We investigate the security gap, energy efficiency, and bit error rate between RS and scrambled t-error correcting codes for wireless sensor networks. Lastly, energy efficiency in RS and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) is also studied. The results of the simulation emphasize that RS technique achieves similar security gap as scrambled error correcting codes. However, the analysis concludes that the computational complexities of the RS is less compared to the scrambled error correcting codes. We also found that BCH code is more energy-efficient than RS

Pricing warrant by using binomial model: comparison between historical and implied volatility / Khairu Azlan Abd Aziz… [et al.]

A warrant is a security that allows the holder to buy and sell the underlying share at a fixed price until expiry date. Warrant price will always fluctuates since the underlying share also fluctuates. Hence, determining the warrant price is the main problem among the investors in Malaysia. This research is focusing on pricing the warrant for five companies that were listed in Bursa Malaysia. The companies were chosen randomly from UiTM DataStream. The selected companies were Boon Koon Sdn Bhd, Hovid Bhd, Kelington Bhd, ML Global Bhd and Tropicana Corporation Bhd. The data contained underlying share, interest rate, exercise price and actual warrant price. This research aims to define the price of warrant by using Binomial model. Historical volatility and implied volatility were used in this research whereby volatility is the movement of the underlying share price. This research aims at comparing the actual warrant price with the calculated warrant price. The data were computed manually by using Microsoft Excel and the comparison was made between the two type of volatilities to give the nearest value of calculated warrant price to the actual warrant price. The nearest value was assumed the best value for this research. The result was made by analyzing the line graphs and comparing between historical volatility and implied volatility with actual warrant price. Mean Square Error was used to support the results that were obtained from the line graphs. In the end, implied volatility yielded better results compared to historical volatility